BBC News recorded Sixty years ago the United States recruited Nazi scientists to lead a number of who spearheaded the project competition for control of outer space.
The scientists gave American technology advanced that is still advancing NASA space program.
However, it has the burden of moral progress. At the end of the Second World War secret technology
Nazi Germany became the target.
The Allies tried to take as much
possible equipment and expertise, while preventing other countries do the same. Germany shocked the technological achievements
Allied scientists who participated in the invasion forces to Germany in 1945.
Wernher von Braun: NASA icon and
former Nazi SS officer Supersonic rockets, nerve gas, jet aircraft,
cruise missiles, stealth technology and layer tougher steels are several technologies breakthrough developed in laboratories and factories Nazis, even when Germany was losing the war.
United States and the Soviet Union which, at first the beginning of the Cold War, competing and racing
with time to find a scientific secret
Hitler's. In May 1945, Stalin's legions secured control of atomic research labs The famous Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in the outskirts of Berlin. It gives them the technology that later used to build the armory
Soviet nuclear.
US forces removed the missiles V-2
from the vast Nordhausen complex, which built under the Harz Mountains in Germany Middle, shortly before the Soviet Union took over the factory which later became
Soviet-controlled areas.
The team that built the V-2, led by Wernher von Braun, also fell into American hands. Crime Not long after Major General Hugh Knerr,
deputy commander of the US Air Force in Europe wrote: "Occupation of scientific institutions and German industry has revealed the fact that
surprising that we are very backward in many fields of research. "
"If we do not seize this opportunity to master the tools and the developing brain technology and employ them, we would remain for many years. "
Thus began Project Paperclip, operation Americans were recruited von Braun and more than 700 others were brought from Germany.
Its aim was simple: "To exploit German scientists for research
America and to prevent intellectual resources fell into the hands of the Soviet Union. "
Arthur Rudolph: "pure Nazi"
The development was running fast. President Truman authorized Paperclip in August 1945 and on November 18, the first Germans arrived in America.
But there is one problem. Truman order that anyone found "to members of Nazi party and a participant in its activities, or active supporter of Nazism militarism "will
are allowed.
According to the criterion even von Braun himself, those responsible for the shooting in Month, should not be allowed to work for America.
He is a member of various Nazi organizations and hold rank in the Nazi SS. Initial intelligence file von Braun described him as "a risk for
security ".
And colleagues von Braun including:
Arthur Rudolph, chief operations in Nordhausen, where 20,000 slave laborers died to created V-2 missiles. He led the team that build the Saturn V rocket described as "100% Nazi, dangerous ".
Kurt Debus, rocket launch specialist, also SS officer. Reports on Debus says: "He should be arrested for threatening security Allied forces. "
Hubertus Strughold, which became known as the "father of medicine outer space", who designed the life support system The Nasa spacecraft. A Few subordinates perform "experiments" human at Dachau and Auschwitz, where frozen prisoners alive and placed in a low-pressure chambers. Many of those who later died. All these men are allowed to work for America, their alleged crimes covered and their backgrounds bleached by the military Which saw winning the War
It Is Cold.
Sixty years later, the legacy Project
Paperclip is still very important.
With radar absorbent carbon in wood layer and smooth single wing back,Horten Ho 229 of 1944 made in Germany can be regarded as a stealth aircraft the first stealth.
Stealth bomber: follow draft Germany 1944 The US military gave an example of plane Northrop Aviation, a company that later
producing Stealth bomber B-2
which is worth 2 billion dollars, which was traced from the Horten one generation later.
Cruise missiles still use design
V-1 missile and the engine that drives scramjets advanced hypersonic aircraft NASA X-43 can
realized thanks to the German jet technology.
Paperclip documents are still
undisclosed led many people,
including Nick Cook, Aerospace Consultant outside in Jane's Defence Weekly, speculate
that the US may have developed
more advanced Nazi technology tools including anti gravity, which is a source of energy large amounts.
Despite the success of Project Paperclip Undoubtedly, many people will choose to remember the thousands who died for the sake than send humans to space.
