Prambanan Temple

Prambanan Temple or Temple of Loro Jonggrang is the largest Hindu temple in Indonesia were built in the 9th century. This temple is dedicated to Trimurti, the three main Hindu gods Brahma as god the creator, Vishnu as the preserver god, and Shiva as the god of destruction. Based on the inscription Siwagrha The original name rows of buildings temple is Siwagrha (language Sanskrit which means 'house of Shiva'), and indeed in garbagriha (main hall) This temple sits a statue of Shiva Mahadeva three meters high which shows that in This temple of Lord Shiva are preferred. This temple rows of builfings was located in the district of Prambanan, Sleman and districts Prambanan, Klaten, approximately 17 kilometers northeast of Yogyakarta, 50 kilometers southwest Surakarta and 120 kilometers south of Semarang, just in the border between the provinces of Central Java and Yogyakarta. It is very unique, Temple Prambanan is located in the village administration Bokoharjo, Prambanan, Sleman, while the entrance of the Prambanan temple is situated in the territory of the village administration Tlogo, Prambanan, Klaten. This temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site including, the largest Hindu temple in Indonesia, and one

the most beautiful temples in Southeast Asia. The architecture of this building tall and slender shaped according to the architecture

Hindus in general with the Shiva temple as the temple The main has reached a height of 47 meters looming center of the  cluster of temples are smaller. As one of the grandest temples in Southeast Asia, temple Prambanan the main attraction of tourist arrivals

the whole world According to the inscription Siwagrha, this temple was built in circa 850 AD by Rakai Pikatan, and continue developed and expanded by Balitung Maha Sambu, in

future Medang Mataram kingdom. Etymology Prambanan name, derived from the name of the village where this temple standing, believed to be the dialects of name change

Javanese Hindu theology of the term of the Brahman means "the Supreme Brahman" is Brahman or reality The highest and greatest perennial that can not be described, which is often equated with the concept of God in religion Hindu. Another opinion considers the Brahman may refer to the heyday of this temple which formerly met by brahmins. Other opinions filed presumption that the name "Prambanan" comes from the root word mban

in the Java language that is meaningful to the duties or to serv the kindom, referring to the Hindu god the task of organizing and running the alignment universe. The original name of this Hindu temple rows buildings is the name of Sanskrit; Siwagrha (House of Shiva) or Siwalaya (Natural Shiva), which is dated by inscription Siwagrha 778 Saka (856 AD). Trimurti glorified in This temple with three main temple venerate Brahma, Shiva and Vishnu. But Shiva Mahadeva who occupy the main hall in the temple of Shiva is the most venerated deity in the this temple.

History Development Prambanan temple in the morning mist. Prambanan is the largest Hindu temple and the grandest ever built in the ancient Javanese Hindu temple construction

This empire started by Rakai Pikatan as a rival

Buddhist temple Borobudur and Sewu temple located not far from the Prambanan. Some historians long suspect that the construction of the great Hindu temples to Sanjaya family marked the return to power on Java, this is related to the theory of twin different dynasty

competing beliefs; namely the Sanjaya dynasty Hindu and Buddhist Sailendra dynasty. Surely, with the construction of this temple indicate that Hinduism Saiwa back support the royal family, after Sailendra dynasty tend to be more supportive of Mahayana Buddha. Case This indicates that the kingdom Medang switch focus support their religious, Mahayana Buddha to

worship of Shiva. This building was first built around the year 850 AD by Rakai Pikatan and sustainably refined and expanded by King Lokapala and kings Balitung Maha Sambu. Based on the inscription Siwagrha to the year 856 AD, the sacred building was built for

glorify god Shiva, and the original name of the building is in Sanskrit is Siwagrha (Sanskrit: Shiva-grha which means: 'House of Shiva') or Siwalaya (Sanskrit: Shiva-laya which means: 'Realm of Shiva' or 'Natural Shiva'). In this inscription mentioned that when Siwagrha temple construction in progress, also performed public works for water use change

moving streams near this temple. River

Opaque question is the river that flows from north to south along the west side of the temple Prambanan.  Historians suspect that the original flow of the river turn curved to the east, and is considered too close to the temple so that erosion of the river can endanger the temple construction. This water system project done by creating a new river spatula cutting curved river with the north-south axis along the west wall outside the temple complex. Former The original river flow then backfilled to provide broader land for the construction of the temple row perwara (temple or temple guards escort). Some archaeologists found a statue of Shiva in

garbhagriha (main hall) in the Shiva temple as the temple a statue of the king's main embodiment Balitung, as kind spiritual duty his posthumous statue This building complex periodically continues enhanced by kings Medang next Mataram, like a king Daksha and Tulodong, and expanded with build hundreds of additional temples around the temple

The main. Because of the grandeur of this temple, Prambanan temple serves as a grand temple Mataram Kingdom, where convening various important royal ceremonies. In the past its peak, historians suspect that hundreds brahmin priest and his students gathered and inhabit the outer court of the temple is to study the book Vedas and carry out various rituals and ceremonies

Hindu. While the center of the kingdom or empire palace Mataram supposedly located somewhere near Prambanan in Kewu Plain.

Abandoned Around the year 930-an, the capital of the empire moved to Java

East by MPU SINDOK, who founded Isyana dynasty. Causes move the center of power is not known for sure. But it is very likely caused by explosive eruption of Mount Merapi, which rises about 20 kilometers north of the temples of Prambanan. Possibility Another cause of war and seizure power. After the transfer of the capital, temple Prambanan

began neglected and unkempt, so slowly

This temple begin to deteriorate and crumble.

The temple building totally collapsed allegedly due great earthquake in the 16th century. Although no longer became a religious center and Hindus worship, this temple

still recognizable and known to exist by residents Java who inhabit the surrounding villages. Temples and statues

Durga in the main building of this temple inspires Javanese folk tales is the legend Rara Jonggrang. After the split of the Sultan of Mataram in 1755, Opaque temple ruins and the nearby river into marks the divider between the Sultan of Yogyakarta and

Surakarta (Solo). Recovery Prambanan temple ruins soon after the discovery. Local residents Java citizens around the temple has been

knew of the existence of this temple. But they do not know the real historical background, who is king and kingdom what has built this monument. As a result of imagination, local people created local fairy tale to explain the origin of existence these temples; colored with a fantastic tale about giant king, thousands of temples built by creatures Of jin and ghost  just in one night, as well as the beautiful princess who was cursed into a statue. Legend the Prambanan temple known as story of Rara Jonggrang. In 1733, the temple was discovered by CA. Lons a Dutch. The temple is interesting when the world's attention during the British occupation over Java. When it was Colin Mackenzie, a surveyor subordinates Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, found this  temples. Although Sir Thomas then ordered

further investigation, the ruins of this temple remain displaced up to decades. Excavation is not serious conducted during the 1880s that unfortunately even fertilize the practice of looting carving and stone temples.

Then in 1855 Jan Willem IJzerman start

clean up and move some of the rocks and soil

of the temple. Moments later Isaac Groneman

do a major overhaul and stones The temple is stacked haphazardly along Opaque river. Statues and reliefs were taken by residents

Dutch and used as garden ornaments, while residents using native stone temples for building materials and the house foundation.

Restoration The restoration began in 1918, but the effort The real seriously started in the 1930s. In the years 1902 - 1903, Theodoor van Erp maintain sections that are prone to collapse. In the years 1918 - 1926, followed by the Bureau of Antiquities (Oudheidkundige Dienst) under P.J. Perquin in a more according to the rules of systematic archeology. As known predecessors transfer and

the demolition of thousands of stones indiscriminately without

think of the restoration effort back. In the year of 1926 De Haan continued until his death in

in 1930. In 1931 was replaced by Ir. V.R. van

Romondt up in 1942 and later handed over

The renovation of leadership to son Indonesia and the continued until 1993.

Renovation efforts continue to be done even up now. The restoration of the Shiva temple that is the main temple rows buildings 

was completed in 1953 and inaugurated by

The first President of the Republic of Indonesia Sukarno. Much parts of the temple was renovated, using new stone, as many original stones are stolen or used

repeated elsewhere. A temple will be renovated only when at least 75% original stone is still there. Therefore,

many small temples are not rebuilt and

just looks foundation course.

Now, the temple was included in the World Heritage Site protected by UNESCO, this status was given UNESCO 1991. Now, some of the temples of Prambanan middle renovated to repair damage caused by the earthquake

Yogyakarta 2006. This earthquake has damaged a number of buildings and sculptures. In the early 1990s the government moved the market and villages that spread wildly around the temple, displacing the area around the villages and rice fields temples, archaeological and restore it into a park. Park This ancient covering a wide area along the highway Yogyakarta-Solo on its south side, covering the whole Prambanan temple, including Candi Lumbung, Bubrah temple and Sewu in the north.  In 1992 the Government of Indonesia State-owned enterprises, Limited PT Taman Wisata Candi Borobudur, Prambanan, and Ratu Boko. This business entity in charge of managing the park archaeological tour at Borobudur, Prambanan, Ratu Boko, as well as the surrounding region. Prambanan is one of a famous tourist attraction in Indonesia that many  tourists visited  Just across the river Opakque built complex stage and theater that Trimurti Ramayana Ballet was performing routine.  Open stage Trimurti located right across from the temple Peel on the west bank of the river against the background of temple Prambanan highlighted by light. Open stage This is only used during the dry season, while in the the rainy season, the show moved on stage closed. The Ramayana Javanese dance  are amazing people tradition of Javanese court centuries-old year, usually performed in the palace and began performed at Prambanan during the full moonsince the 1960s. Since then it has Prambanan become a cultural tourist attraction and major archaeological

Indonesia. After a massive restoration in the 1990s, Prambanan also back into the center of religious worship Hinduism in Java. The revival of religious values Prambanan is because there is quite a lot Hindu society, both migrants from Bali or residents who returned Hindu Javanese living in Yogyakarta, Klaten and surrounding areas. every  year Hindu people lived around  the province of Central Java and Yogyakarta gathered at Prambanan temple to hold the ceremony on the holy day of Galungan, Tawur Kesanga, and Nyepi.

On May 27, 2006 an earthquake with a strength of 5.9 on Richter scale (while the United States Geological Survey

The reported magnitude of 6.2 on the Richter scale) hit Bantul and surrounding areas. This earthquake causing severe damage to many buildings and death people in around. This earthquake centered the tectonic faults that fracture Opaque appropriate direction

Opak river valley near Prambanan. One of

the badly damaged building is the temple Prambanan, especially Brahma Temple. Early photographs

indicates that although the rows of buildings remains intact, the damage is significant. Larger rock fragments, including panel-carved panels and waterless Vajra fallen and scattered on the ground. These temples was closed from tourist visits up damage and danger of collapse can be taken into account. Hall states that the required archaeological Yogyakarta take months to determine the extentdamage caused by this earthquake. Some a week later, in 2006 this site back opened for tourist visits. In 2008, there were a number of Indonesian tourists 856 029 and 114 951 foreign tourists visiting Prambanan. On 6 January 2009 Nandi temple restoration is complete. On In 2009, the space inside the main temple is closed from tourists visit for security reasons. The temple rows buildings Architectural model reconstruction of the temple complex of Prambanan, There are 240 original temple stood on this complex. The entrance to the building complex is located on the fourth direction of winds, but the direction toward building This is to the east, the temple's main entrance is the east gate. Prambanan temple rows buildings consists

from: 1. 3 Trimurti temple: the temple of Shiva, Vishnu, and Brahma

2. 3 Wahana temple: temple Nandi, Garuda, and Geese

3. 2 Apit temple: located between rows of temples

Trine and temples rides on the north side and

south

4. 4 Kelir Temple: located in four directions of the compass right

Behind the entrance courtyard or the core zone

5. 4 Temple Stakes: located in the 4 corners of the inner courtyard or

core zone

6. 224 ancillary temples: arrayed in four rows

concentric with the number of rows of the inner temple

up to the outermost: 44, 52, 60, and 6 then there are a total of 240 temples in Prambanan rows buildings.

Originally there were 240 large and small temples in the rows of buildings Prambanan Temple. But now only 18 temples;

namely eight main temples and 8 small temple in the core zone and 2 perwara. Many ancillary temples have not been restored, from 224 perwara only 2 that have been restored, the

leaving only a pile of stones scattered about. Prambanan temple consists of three zones; The first is outside the zone, the second is the middle zone consisting of

hundreds of temples, the third is in a zone which is zone holiest place eight main temples and shrines eight

small. Prambanan temple roes of buildings cross-section of the plan is land based yan square consists of three sections or zones, each page of this zone walled andesite. The outer zone is characterized by fence squares, each side

along 390 meters, with the orientation of the Northeast - West Power. Unless the remaining southern gate, part Other gates and walls of this temple has a lot to

missing. The function of the outdoor courtyard for sure yet unknown; the possibility of park land is sacred, or dorm buildings rows Brahmin and his students. Maybe first building standing in the outer courtyard is made of wood, so it is already obsolete and not destroyed

remaining. Prambanan temple is one of the largest Hindu temples in Southeast Asia apart from Angkor Wat. Three main temple called

Trine and dedicated main deity

Trimurti: Shiva the Destroyer, Vishnu the Preserver and Brahma the Creator. Shiva in this temple rows

preferred and more exalted than two gods

Other Trimurti. Shiva temple as the main building once the largest and highest, soaring up 47 meters. Shiva temple

Shiva temple, the main temple at Prambanan temple which is dedicated to Lord Shiva. Durga Mahisasuramardini in the north of the temple of Shiva.

Pages in the zone is the most sacred of all three zones temple. The court of elevated surface

and maps stone fence with a locked down

four gates in the four directions of the compass. In Area  front sand there are eight temples primary; namely three main temples called Trimurti temple ("Three states"), dedicated to the three Hindu gods

Highest: Brahma the Creator, Vishnu the

Preserver, and Shiva the Destroyer.

Shiva temple as the main temple is the largest building centipede in the temple complex at the same Jonggrang Rara, measuring 47 meters high and 34 meters wide. Top

mastaka or waterless temple is crowned modification Vajra shape that symbolizes the diamond or thunderbolt. Vajra form a Hindu version of sandingan waterless stupas found in Buddhist temples. Temple Shiva surrounded by a gallery hallway is decorated reliefs tells the story of Ramayana; engraved on a wall inside on the balustrade. On top of this balustrade fenced waterless ranks are also shaped Vajra. To follows the story of this order, visitors must enter from the east side, then perform the spinning pradakshina

around the temple according clockwise. The story of Ramayana This led to the Brahma temple.

.

The Gamelan ancient music orchestra

Documentation of Ramayana Classic Opera Dance, Rama (Tunjung Sulaksono) and Sinta (Sumaryaning) with Charlie Chaplin and Royal Prince Suryohamijoyo in open air square of temple Roro Jonggrang (1961).

Source : Wikipedia, Sejarah Candi Jawa, the history of Rara Jonggrang,The Java ancient Architecture.